GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ASSISTING VICTIMS OF CRIMES
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
(Office of Origin: CA/OCS)
7 FAM 1931 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF VICTIM ASSISTANCE
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
Crimes differ in severity and sensitivity and therefore the way we assist an individual may vary according to the crime and the victim’s reaction. Guidance specific to homicide, sexual assault, child protection, and domestic violence follow in 7 FAM 1932. Guidance on assisting victims of Forced Marriage of Minors and Hostage Taking, Kidnapping and Wrongful Detention can be found at 7 FAM 1740 and 7 FAM 1820 respectively. There are three key principles of victim assistance: (1) Safety and Security; (2) Ventilate and Validate; and (3) Predict, Prepare and Inform. These principles are adapted from an DOJ/Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) Best Practices Guidelines: Crime Victim Services.
7 FAM 1931.1 Safety and Security
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. Physical safety of the victim and their sense of security, along with your own, are your most important concerns.
b. Respond expeditiously; be on the scene as soon as possible or be in contact with the victim by telephone after verifying the victim is who they say they are. Let them know you are “sorry that it (the crime) happened” to them and we are “here to help” them. If you are unable to go to the scene, and if it is possible, enlist a volunteer from the U.S. citizen community or a citizen liaison volunteer (CLVs) near the victim to assist:
(1) Make the victim feel safe and protected from further harm and assist in a compassionate and professional manner;
(2) Obtain information about what happened and assess and address the physical safety and immediate medical needs in coordination with local authorities;
(3) Assist in obtaining appropriate medical care for injuries; and
(4) Assist with basic needs such as shelter, food, clothing, and personal hygiene, as appropriate.
c. You or the duty officer should stay in touch with the medical facility and police until the situation is stabilized. Remind the medical facility to keep you informed and to authorize consular access if necessary.
d. Communicate with family, friends, and Congressional offices, in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974:
(1) Talk to the victim about what happened and their reactions; observe the victim’s behavior, words, and demeanor. Be aware that their traditional ways of coping may be ineffective in dealing with the crisis; and
(2) Assist in providing information and a supportive environment (family, friends, local agencies); provide information about local sources of assistance available; and coordinate with authorities of the receiving state, if that is what the victim wants or is required by law.
e. Work with local service providers to identify and address the medical needs of the victim:
(1) Is specialized medical treatment or transportation needed?
(2) Are specialized services such as sexual assault crisis counseling and/or medical/forensic examination needed?
f. Determine the victim’s concerns and assist in dealing with immediate practical consequences of the crime. Basic physical needs including shelter, food, clothing and personal necessities should be identified and addressed, if possible. Meeting these needs provides comfort and reassurance to the victim.
(1) You may alleviate fear by changing a hotel room or moving the victim to the company of a relative/friend; and
(2) If information is available, determine if there is a continuing threat of attack or injury. For example, has the assailant been identified and/or apprehended? Did the assailant threaten to return?
g. Assist victims of crime abroad and their families in receiving necessary services while still overseas; assist victims in continuing those services in the United States if appropriate and desired. When available, refer them to victim assistance and compensation programs in their home state. Compensation programs often provide funds for medical treatment, burials, loss of support benefits, and counseling. Some U.S. States and territories may provide crime victim compensation to residents who are victimized overseas. Information on U.S. crime victim compensation programs is on the CAWeb (Link).
h. In trying to assist, always keep in mind the limitations on your authority described in 7 FAM 1922 and 7 FAM 1925.
7 FAM 1931.2 Ventilate and Validate
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Allow the victim to discuss their emotions, listen, and validate their emotions. If we fail to listen actively and with empathy, a victim’s trauma may increase. This may impact their willingness to communicate with loved ones, access services, or report the incident.
b. Listen with empathy and care. The victim may need to tell their story multiple times to restore their sense of control and process emotions.
c. Acknowledge and validate their reactions to the traumatic event and provide emotional support.
d. Do not judge. Help to dispel the victim’s feeling of self-blame and guilt, which are also common reactions.
e. Later they may experience feelings of helplessness, vulnerability, and/or hopelessness.
f. Encourage them to contact family/friends, counselors, or others who can provide ongoing emotional support, if safe and appropriate. Be aware that isolating or dangerous behavior may occur, such as denial, overindulgence, and self-harming thoughts or actions. Guidance for victims who threaten or attempt suicide can be found in 7 FAM 348.
g. Focus on alleviating the victim’s distress and providing reassurance by addressing safety concerns and the practical consequences of the crime.
7 FAM 1931.3 Predict, Prepare and Inform
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. Victims often feel they have lost control. Offer assistance, provide information, manage their expectations, and encourage support.
b. Provide information about local points of contact (POCs) or organizations who can discuss relevant laws of the receiving state and implementation of those laws. In our consular role we may be able to share information about the status of their case in the local criminal justice process. This will help the victim to prepare themselves for decisions they might need to make.
c. Help the victim anticipate and prepare for the range of feelings they may experience such as anxiety, preoccupation with the traumatic event, concerns about personal safety, or flashbacks when they experience reminders of the crime, such as seeing someone who looks like the assailant. Providing information on local professionals and/or organizations who specialize in assisting victims may be helpful.
d. Reassure them that the reactions stated above are common and help them anticipate them.
e. Offer to assist in making/changing reservations to return home, if possible.
f. Coordinate with the Passport Office to expedite any necessary applications for individuals who may travel to provide support.
g. Assist with the return of the remains in death cases (see 7 FAM Chapter 200, Deaths).
h. Report the case to CA/OCS/ACS in objective terms. Avoid using graphic details, but provide enough specific information for domestic officers to understand the needs of the victim (see 7 FAM 1940).
i. If the victim wishes to report the crime, assist the victim with making a police report. Reporting is at the discretion of the victim after they have been made aware of the process and potential obligations associated with reporting. You should not encourage or pressure the victim to report or not report to local authorities. A police report may be a requirement for some crime compensation programs, although not all States offer compensation if victimization occurs overseas. State compensation information is available on the CAWeb.
j. Assist victims with local law enforcement contacts regarding safety issues.
k. Suggest that victims may wish to have a family member or friend accompany them to trials or other legal proceedings for emotional support (however, they must understand that the cost may not be covered by any compensation program).
l. If possible, have someone from the post attend trials involving a U.S. citizen/national victim of a serious crime.
m. Become a point of contact for victims who return to the United States. Victims may require information about the progress of the investigation and prosecution, and/or the scheduling of court proceedings at which they must be present.
n. Verify and update information about the compensation program in your receiving state.
o. Do not make promises you are unable to keep.
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Consular officers should not offer legal advice. However, you may (and should) provide a range of information and resources and direct victims to those who can provide assistance and more specific advice, including legal counsel. When working with a victim:
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7 FAM 1932 VICTIM ASSISTANCE FOR SPECIFIC CRIMES
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Crimes differ in severity and sensitivity and each serious crime type has unique issues; therefore, the way you assist an individual may vary according to the crime. The level of assistance you are able to provide may depend on factors including the availability of local resources, local laws, and culture. Sexual assault, homicide, domestic violence and child protective cases, are four major categories of crimes discussed below and how best to respond and to assist the victim. Also listed are things you should do before crimes are committed.
b. See 7 FAM 300 if repatriation is necessary.
7 FAM 1932.1 Sexual Assault
(CT:CON-1040; 02-03-2025)
a. Sexual assault and rape are terms that are sometimes used interchangeably. Rape is a type of sexual assault and is generally defined as forced or nonconsensual sexual intercourse.
b. Sexual assault is generally used to describe a broader range of sexual offenses that involve touching or penetration of an intimate part of a person’s body without consent. Sexual assault includes rape, forced sodomy, forced oral copulation, and sexual battery (the unwanted touching of an intimate part of another person for the purpose of sexual arousal or sexual gratification).
c. Most sexual assaults are committed by someone the victim knows. Be aware that the trauma of sexual assault often results in delayed reporting to authorities and requests for assistance.
d. Types of sexual assault include:
(1) Forced – physical, emotional, psychological, manipulation, threats, etc.
(2) Drug/alcohol-facilitated – drugs or alcohol are used that compromise the ability to consent. The victim may voluntarily consume drugs or alcohol or may intentionally or unintentionally be forced to consume drugs or alcohol.
(3) Intimate partner violence – sexual or physical violence perpetrated by a current or previous intimate partner.
e. Victims of sexual assault may be of any age, sex, ethnicity, and socio-economic status.
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CA/OCS Victim Assistance Intranet pages have additional guidance, background reading and resources and information for consular assistance to victims of sexual assault. |
7 FAM 1932.1-1 Before a Sexual Assault Occurs
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Become familiar with local laws related to sexual assault and rape.
(1) Do laws cover women only? Is marital rape a crime?
(2) Is there a time frame to report? How does a victim make a report?
b. Gather information about the procedures used in such cases by law enforcement and prosecutors in investigating and prosecuting sexual assaults. Also determine whether forensic examinations are routinely done and by whom. These may be time-sensitive issues, and medical treatment and examination may need to be completed as soon as possible to address immediate needs.
(1) Is law enforcement specially trained to respond to sexual assault?
(2) Are victims charged with adultery, public intoxication, or other crimes?
(3) Do victims have the ability to decide if they want to pursue legal action after reporting?
(4) Do victims need their own attorney?
(5) What is a victim’s role in the criminal justice process?
(6) Keep privacy considerations in mind and be aware of the media's role and reporting style in victimization cases.
c. Develop a list of local resources, including medical facilities, and medical care and mental health providers such as doctors, nurse examiners, victim advocates, and counselors, who have training in examining, treating, and supporting sexual assault victims, if available. Are resources available for non-citizen nationals?
7 FAM 1932.1-2 How to Assist
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. Do not blame or judge the victim. The victim may be feeling shame, denial, and alienation.
b. Recognize the nature and seriousness of these crimes; elicit feelings and concerns.
c. Assist the victim in addressing immediate medical needs. Facilitate access to medical examination and treatment for acute injuries, as well as tests and treatment related to sexually transmitted diseases, HIV exposure, and pregnancy, if requested by the victim.
d. If the victim wishes to report the crime, assist the victim in making a police report. Reporting is at the discretion of the victim after they have been made aware of the process and potential obligations associated with reporting. You should not encourage or pressure the victim to report or not report to local authorities.
e. Provide emotional support and most importantly mobilize support from family and/or friends, consistent with the Privacy Act of 1974.
f. Connect the victim with local services for sexual assault victims where available and appropriate.
g. In consultation with CA/OCS/ACS, identify additional resources that can be provided, including referral to specialized services for sexual assault victims and resources in the United States.
h. Refer victims returning to the United States to State compensation programs, if available, but never promise compensation. State compensation information is available on the CAWeb. Not all States offer compensation if victimization occurs overseas.
i. Provide the victim with information on local points of contact and/or organizations that can discuss relevant laws of the receiving state and implementation of those laws.
j. Provide information about the status of their case in the local criminal justice process, potentially even after the victim has departed the consular district when applicable and resources permit.
k. If resources permit, identify a single point of contact for the victim at post. Introduce your successor to victims you have been working with for a long time if your departure will be a loss to them. If requested or needed, introduce the ACS country officer in the United States.
l. Report the crime to your CA/OCS/ACS country officer via email and document the case in the ACS software as a Welfare/Whereabouts service subcategory Victims Assistance (see 7 FAM 1940):
(1) Provide enough detail to convey the gravity of the alleged crime without including sensational or graphic details that would be particularly painful or personal for the victim; and
(2) While you must take reports of sexual assault very seriously, do not state that a “sexual assault has occurred” or “a crime has been committed” in the absence of a finding by a competent authority.
7 FAM 1932.2 Homicide
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Homicide is the willful, intentional taking of a person’s life. This includes murder and manslaughter.
b. There is a unique and critical role in assisting families when a U.S. citizen/national is killed overseas. From the moment of notification, the family or friends often become dependent on the consular representative for important information and assistance regarding the disposition of remains and personal property.
c. When the death of a family member or loved one is sudden, unexpected, and violent, the impact of hearing the news may be very traumatic. Survivors may experience a range of emotions including shock, disbelief, emotional numbing, anger, and guilt. There may be additional pain inherent in knowing that the death was caused by another person. The grief may be further complicated by prolonged involvement with the criminal justice process.
d. See 7 FAM 220 for guidance about performing death notifications.
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See the Homicide tab on the CA/OCS Intranet pages for additional guidance, background reading and resources, and information for consular assistance to victims of homicide. |
7 FAM 1932.2-1 Before Homicide Occurs
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. The manner in which information and guidance is provided is critical. An understanding of the impact of homicide on surviving family members and basic principles of victim assistance will help you fulfill your responsibilities in the most compassionate and effective manner possible.
b. Develop and keep updated information about local points of contact and organizations that can discuss relevant laws of the receiving state laws and implementation of those laws.
c. Develop country specific scenarios and work with the RSO on outreach to the American community particularly in countries with a high volume of serious crime. Address universities, schools, religious groups, and others via the Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) and the Citizen Liaison Volunteers (or CLVs) system.
d. Become familiar with local laws related to homicide.
e. Gather information about the procedures used in such cases by law enforcement and prosecutors in investigating and prosecuting homicide cases.
f. Think about what you need to know before you make a homicide death notification.
(1) What if the homicide is presumed but not verified?
(2) Additional guidance may be found in 7 FAM 220 and 7 FAM 230.
7 FAM 1932.2-2 How to Assist
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Refer to 7 FAM 200 for guidance on death notification and disposition of remains.
b. Do not state that “a homicide has occurred” or “a crime has been committed” in the absence of a finding by a competent authority.
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Sample Notification Call Introduce yourself and state that you are calling from the U.S. embassy/consulate general/consulate in (city/country). Use the victim’s name. “Are you the parents (husband/wife/relative) of (Name)? “I’m afraid I have some very bad news for you.” Pause to give them a chance to prepare themselves emotionally. Inform simply and directly with warmth and compassion. “(Name) has been killed and it appears to have been a homicide.” Pause. “I am so sorry.” Adding our condolence is very important because it expresses feelings rather than facts and invites them to express their own. At this point, offer to call someone else to be with the next of kin if desired. Let them take the lead. They may want details or may just want to be quiet or cry. “My telephone number is (give complete dialing instructions from the United States). “May I call you back in an hour and get an email address where I can send you important information?” “I am so sorry. I will call you back in an hour” (or an agreed upon time interval). |
c. Report the crime to your CA/OCS/ACS country officer via email and document the case in the ACS software as a Welfare/Whereabouts service subcategory Victims Assistance (see 7 FAM 1940).
d. See 7 FAM 200 for additional guidance regarding the emailed or FAXED casualty message: letter of condolence, disposition of remains letter, report of death information, and other important procedures regarding the death of a U.S. citizen abroad.
7 FAM 1932.3 Domestic Violence
(CT:CON-1040; 02-03-2025)
a. Domestic violence is a pattern of coercive behavior using intimidating, threatening, harassing, or harmful behavior that occurs between two people in a marriage or other form of intimate relationship to gain or maintain control over the other person.
b. Domestic violence may involve physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, financial or economic abuse, and/or isolation. Domestic violence may occur within opposite-sex or same-sex relationships. Children living in an abusive home may also be victims of abuse or they may suffer emotional consequences from witnessing abuse.
c. Victims of domestic violence may seek your help at any point in an abusive relationship:
(1) When the abuse is primarily emotional;
(2) Shortly after the first violent incident; or
(3) After a pattern of physical abuse has occurred over time.
d. There may be a cyclical aspect to the domestic violence. The National Center on Domestic Violence and Sexual Violence developed the Power & Control Diagram as a tool to assist with understanding domestic violence.
e. Domestic violence can impact individuals of any age, sex, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and socio-economic status.
f. See the “Domestic Violence” tab on the CA/OCS Intranet web pages for additional guidance, background reading, and resources and information for consular assistance to victims of domestic violence.
7 FAM 1932.3-1 Before Domestic Violence Occurs
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. Develop and keep updated information about local points of contact and organizations who can discuss relevant laws of the receiving state laws and implementation of those laws.
b. Become familiar with local laws related to domestic violence and what may be considered a crime.
c. Gather information about the procedures used in such cases by law enforcement and prosecutors in investigating and prosecuting domestic violence.
d. Develop a list of local resources, including medical facilities, and medical care and mental health providers such as doctors, nurse examiners, counselors, and shelters, who have training in domestic violence, if available. See 7 FAM 300 for guidance on preparing a list of doctors, hospitals, and air ambulance services.
e. Recognized that these cases may take time. On average a victim of domestic violence leaves or attempts to leave a number of times before making a final break.
7 FAM 1932.3-2 How to Assist
(CT:CON-957; 11-21-2022)
a. The safety and security of the victim who reports the domestic violence (and children if any are in the home) is your first concern.
b. Don’t blame or judge the victim.
c. Talk to them alone, without the spouse or children present, if possible. Do not underestimate the potential danger involved in the victim’s disclosure of domestic violence.
d. Assist the victim in addressing immediate medical needs in coordination with local authorities.
e. Ask if they have any concerns for their immediate safety, or that of their children. If yes, what are the concerns? Do they have a plan to protect themselves in the event of further violence?
f. Ask questions to obtain specific information about the nature and severity of the abuse they are reporting and whether children in the home have been abused or witnessed the reported abuse.
g. Ask if there have been previous incidents of domestic violence and whether they reported these to police or received medical treatment for injuries in country or in another jurisdiction.
h. If the victim wishes to report the crime, assist the victim with making a police report. Reporting is at the discretion of the victim after they have been made aware of the process and potential obligations associated with reporting. You should not encourage or pressure the victim to report or not report to local authorities.
i. Help them obtain local law enforcement or other appropriate assistance with matters such as requesting an order of protection, if available, or returning to the household for personal property.
j. Ask if there are friends or family locally who can help.
k. Provide information about resources that address their physical safety and that of their children, their emotional needs, and basic issues such as housing, food, clothing, and health: Are there shelters available? Do they allow children? Do they allow pets? Do people have to pay in advance? Are shelter locations and the occupant’s information kept private?
l. See 7 FAM 180 for guidance on assistance to private U.S. citizens/nationals who seek temporary emergency protection (“temporary refuge”) at overseas posts.
m. Assist the victim with the practical consequences of the crime, such as facilitating contact with family and/or arranging for a prompt return home and issuance of emergency passports (8 FAM 706.2).
n. Alert the RSO about the situation if there are concerns about security at post.
o. Respect the decision the victim makes about whether to go to local authorities, return to the United States, or return to the abusive situation, being mindful that there are risks attached to whatever decision they make.
p. Find out the safest way to communicate with the victim in the future, because the accused may monitor phone calls, texts, emails, etc. This may include specific days, times, and methods of communication. Do not leave messages or have conversations with anyone else unless you have express written permission to do so from the victim or another confirmed basis under the Privacy Act of 1974.
q. Do not try and mediate between the parties involved. Do not use ruses for contacting or asking parties to come into post. Be honest about post’s role, options, and potential complications. You should not contact the accused for financial assistance.
r. Consult with CA/OCS/ACS to identify additional resources that can be provided, including referral to specialized victim assistance programs in the United States.
(1) The actual departure is often a dangerous time for the victim and those accompanying them because the alleged assailant may become angry about their leaving;
(2) Assist them to obtain copies of police reports and/or medical documentation of injuries from abuse.
(3) Provide information on financial assistance options, such as assistance available to return to the United States. See 7 FAM 300 for guidance on repatriation loans.
s. Report the matter to your CA/OCS/ACS country officer via email and document the case in the ACS software as a Welfare/Whereabouts service subcategory Victims Assistance (see 7 FAM 1940).
t. While you must treat allegations of domestic violence seriously, avoid assuming or saying that “a crime has been committed” in the absence of a finding by a competent authority.
7 FAM 1932.4 Child Protection Cases
(CT:CON-885; 10-24-2019)
a. Child protection cases include child abuse, child neglect, child abandonment, forced marriage of minors, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), and child exploitation.
b. You play an important role in responding when U.S. citizen children are victimized overseas. See the “Child Abuse” tab in the on the CA/OCS Intranet pages for additional guidance, background reading, and resources and information for consular assistance to victims and families of child abuse.
c. Close coordination with OCS/ACS and International Social Service USA (ISS), the Department of Health and Human Services’ contractor in repatriation and resettlement cases, may also be required if the child is repatriated. CA/OCS/ACS will also consult with a CA/OCS victim assistance specialist for referral to specialized diagnostic and treatment programs in the United States.
7 FAM 1932.4-1 Before Child Abuse Occurs
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. Develop and keep updated contact information on local points of contact and organizations that can discuss relevant laws of the receiving state laws and implementation of those laws.
b. Become familiar with the local civil and criminal laws regarding child abuse and neglect:
(1) What is the role of law enforcement in investigating child abuse?
(2) Are there mandated reporters, i.e., professionals who are required by law to report suspicion or evidence of child maltreatment?
(3) What are the procedures for investigating abuse if a U.S. citizen/national child has been reported to be abused?
(4) Are there child protection agencies available? Where would a child be placed if they were removed from their home? If not, identify resources in the U.S. community that may be able to provide assistance on a short-term basis;
(5) Do not enter the child’s home without the permission of the parent or guardian, unless you are accompanying a local social services or law enforcement official that has a legal right to enter the premises. If a parent or guardian will not permit access, notify CA/OCS/ACS. Contact CA/OCS/ACS for guidance before attempting to contact the victim directly without the parents present at a safe location such as a school; and
(6) Identify local resources, including medical facilities and medical and mental health providers, such as doctors, nurses, victim advocates, and counselors who have training in examining, treating, and supporting child victims, if available.
c. Remember children often do not disclose abuse. Consider the age of the child(ren) when communicating and observing their behavior.
7 FAM 1932.4-2 How to Assist
(CT:CON-1061; 04-04-2025)
a. The protection of the child from further harm is a key issue in child abuse cases. Local authorities are responsible for protection of minors in their jurisdiction, including non-residents.
b. Allegations of child abuse should be taken seriously.
c. Contact the family (if safe and appropriate) and local child protection agency and/or law enforcement and gather information about the reported abuse. Do not contact the abuser to report the allegation received.
d. Gather information about custody, parental rights, privacy considerations, and legal parent’s wishes (to the extent safe and appropriate). Reach out to CA/OCS/ACS to determine how to address these issues in a manner that takes into account the child’s safety.
e. Except in a situation involving imminent danger to the child, you should consult with CA/OCS/ACS about appropriate action to ensure the protection and safety of the U.S. citizen/national child. 7 FAM 1724.2 provides guidance on the consular response to allegations of child abuse or neglect. 7 FAM 1726 addresses emergency actions.
f. Be alert to conditions that place children at risk of further serious injury and continually convey the interest of the U.S. Government in the protection and welfare of the child to competent local authorities.
g. Report the crime to your CA/OCS/ACS country officer via email and document the case in the ACS software as a Welfare/Whereabouts service subcategory Victims Assistance (see 7 FAM 1940). See 7 FAM 1742.2 for guidance on reporting to the Department in cases of child abuse and neglect.
h. Consult with CA/OCS/ACS regarding actions to be taken and services that may be needed. The ACS officer will coordinate with the OCS victim assistance specialists about services and assistance that may be appropriate for the child victim and the family.
i. If the U.S. citizen child will be placed in a facility or foster care situation in country, consular officers should regularly monitor their condition until such time as they are returned to the United States or released from the authority of the child protection officials of the receiving state.
j. Be alert to practices of local agencies that further traumatize a U.S. citizen/national child victim and notify CA/OCS/ACS if you believe that a child is being physically or psychologically injured through the process.
k. While you must treat allegations of child abuse seriously, avoid assuming or saying that a “crime” has been committed in the absence of a finding by a competent authority or court.
l. Do not make any promises to about how and when things will be handled or about how you will keep information confidential.
(1) What is the nature of allegation?
(2) Who is the accused? Are criminal charges pending or filed? If yes, what are the charges and potential penalties? Does the child have the support of a non-accused adult family member?
(3) Are there siblings or other children in the home and what is their status? Are they at risk? What is the plan for them?
(4) If the sole custodial parent, both parents or legal guardian are accused and may be prosecuted by the government of the receiving state, what arrangements are in place for the child’s temporary placement/longer term placement?
m. You should work to ensure that the child is safe from further abuse.
7 FAM 1933 through 1939 UNASSIGNED